热力学

常见偏微分

$$ \alpha = \frac 1 V \left ( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T}\right )_P $$

$$ \kappa_T=-\frac 1 V\left(\frac{\partial V}{\partial P}\right)_T \qquad [1/Pa] $$

$$ \kappa_S=-\frac 1 V\left(\frac{\partial V}{\partial P}\right)_S $$

$$ \beta = \frac 1 p \left ( \frac{\partial p}{\partial T}\right )_V $$


热力学过程

$$ \mu_S=(\frac{\partial T}{\partial p})_S. $$

$\mu_s>0$,绝热膨胀制冷

$$ \mu_m=\left ( \frac{\partial T}{\partial H} \right ) _S $$