一个函数的共轭与原函数的自变量变号(沿虚轴对称)后值相同。
多变量,定义域内所有数对变号。
$$ f(-x)=\overline{f(x)}\\\text {or}\ f(-x_1,-x_2)= \overline{f(x_1,x_2)} $$
It’s a linear operator on a vector space $V$ that is equipped with positive definite inner product.正定
$$ A=A^\dagger $$
anti-Hermitian
$$ A+A^\dagger=0 $$
反幺正变换
A unitary matrix is a complex matrix whose columns(and rows) are orthonormal. For real number, the analogue of unitary matrix is an orthogonal matrix 矩阵
def: an invertible complex square matrix $U$ is unitary if its conjugate transpose $U^\dagger$ is also its inverse.