<aside>

推荐使用pyenvhttps://github.com/pyenv/pyenv配合venv安装并管理本地多版本 Python：

curl -fsSL <https://pyenv.run> | bash

sudo apt update; sudo apt install build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev \\
libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev curl git \\
libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev libxml2-dev libxmlsec1-dev libffi-dev liblzma-dev

Usage 用法：https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv?tab=readme-ov-file#usage

</aside>

• 【update pip 】

  python -m pip install --upgrade pip 
  

• python

  sudo apt install python3.12
  sudo apt install python3.12-venv
  curl -sS <https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py> | sudo python3.11
  

• python-venv

  sudo apt install python3.11-venv
  python3 -m venv snow-venv
  python3 venv /path/to/venv
  source /path/to/venv/bin/activate
  which pip
  which python
  sudo rm -rf snow-venv/
  

  要不我们还是用回 virtualenv/venv 和 pip 吧

  • source ./venv/bin/activate

    BASH脚本修改环境变量实现python虚拟环境。

    环境变量

  # This file must be used with "source bin/activate" *from bash*
  # you cannot run it directly
  
  if [ "${BASH_SOURCE-}" = "$0" ]; then
      echo "You must source this script: \\$ source $0" >&2
      exit 33
  fi
  
  deactivate () {
      unset -f pydoc >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
  
      # reset old environment variables
      # ! [ -z ${VAR+_} ] returns true if VAR is declared at all
      if ! [ -z "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:+_}" ] ; then
          PATH="$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH"
          export PATH
          unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
      fi
      if ! [ -z "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME+_}" ] ; then
          PYTHONHOME="$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME"
          export PYTHONHOME
          unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
      fi
  
      # The hash command must be called to get it to forget past
      # commands. Without forgetting past commands the $PATH changes
      # we made may not be respected
      hash -r 2>/dev/null
  
      if ! [ -z "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1+_}" ] ; then
          PS1="$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1"
          export PS1
          unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1
      fi
  
      unset VIRTUAL_ENV
      if [ ! "${1-}" = "nondestructive" ] ; then
      # Self destruct!
          unset -f deactivate
      fi
  }
  
  # unset irrelevant variables
  deactivate nondestructive
  
  VIRTUAL_ENV='/home/hazy/venv/cvxpy'
  if ([ "$OSTYPE" = "cygwin" ] || [ "$OSTYPE" = "msys" ]) && $(command -v cygpath &> /dev/null) ; then
      VIRTUAL_ENV=$(cygpath -u "$VIRTUAL_ENV")
  fi
  export VIRTUAL_ENV
  
  # 修改PATH
  _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH="$PATH"
  # MOSEK
  MOSEKLM_LICENSE_FILE=/home/hazy/mosek/mosek.lic
  MOSEK_PATH="/home/hazy/mosek/10.2/tools/platform/linux64x86/bin"
  PATH="$MOSEK_PATH:$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
  export PATH
  
  # unset PYTHONHOME if set
  if ! [ -z "${PYTHONHOME+_}" ] ; then
      _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME="$PYTHONHOME"
      unset PYTHONHOME
  fi
  
  if [ -z "${VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT-}" ] ; then
      _OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1="${PS1-}"
      if [ "x" != x ] ; then
          PS1="() ${PS1-}"
      else
          PS1="(`basename \\"$VIRTUAL_ENV\\"`) ${PS1-}"
      fi
      export PS1
  fi
  
  # Make sure to unalias pydoc if it's already there
  alias pydoc 2>/dev/null >/dev/null && unalias pydoc || true
  
  pydoc () {
      python -m pydoc "$@"
  }
  
  # The hash command must be called to get it to forget past
  # commands. Without forgetting past commands the $PATH changes
  # we made may not be respected
  hash -r 2>/dev/null
  

pip install -r requirements

pip install --upgrade psycopg2==2.9.9 psycopg2-binary==2.9.9

pip-tools

适合大型项目

• pip-sync : 确保只包含需要的

  pip-sync requirements.txt
  

  • 更新包

Upgrade Python to latest version (3.12) on Ubuntu Linux or WSL2